Summarized fard prayer

 

        

PRAYER ON THE WAY

 People who are traveling far are allowed to shorten the 4 rak'ahs of prayer, such as the noon prayer, the Asr prayer, and the Isha prayer into two cycles. The shortened prayer is the qashar prayer. The conditions for the qashar prayer are as follows:

      A. TERMS OF QHASAR PRAYER

1. The distance traveled is at least 16 farsakh, which is equal to 8,640 km or rounded up to 81 km.
2.   The journey is not for immorality.
3.  The qashar prayer is only four rakaat prayers.
4.  Intend to distinguish prayer when Takbiratul Ihram.
5. Not following people who pray fully means people whose prayers are not shortened or are not qhasared.  People who are on a long journey may also collect the dhuhur prayer with the Asr prayer, which is done at the time of the noon prayer, and the Maghrib prayer with the Isha prayer which is done at the time of Maghrib. Such prayer is called the Jama Taqdim prayer which means to be collected or prioritized.

 If it is done the other way around, it means that the dhuhur prayer with the Asr prayer is performed at the time of Asr, and the Maghrib prayer with the Isha prayer is performed at the time of the Isha prayer. The conditions for the Jama Taqdim prayer are as follows:

       B. CONDITIONS OF JAMA TAQDIM PRAYER

1.  Doing it in an orderly manner means doing the dhuhur prayer first, then the Asr prayer, and from the maghrib prayer first then the Isha prayer.
2. Intention to collect the two prayers at the time of the first prayer. So it is permissible to intend at the beginning of the prayer, or the middle of the prayer, or the last part of the first prayer, before it is finished.
3. Do it consecutively. So it should not be interrupted with sunnah prayers or other actions. The conditions for the Jama Ta'khir prayer are as follows:

       C. CONDITIONS OF JAMA TA'KHIR PRAYER  

1. The intention at the time of the first prayer point does not need to be orderly and consecutive.
2. Still on the go until the second time comes. Description: How to do the Jama prayer, with one call to prayer and two iqamah.

      D. JAMA PRAYER FOR PEOPLE WHO ARE NOT ON THE TRAVEL

         It is also permissible for people who collect prayers, for people who are not traveling, who pray in congregation in a special place such as a mosque and so on, then there is a very heavy rain that is burdensome and prevents that person from going home and returning to pray in congregation again. . This is subject to the following conditions:

•  The rain really made it difficult for him on his way to the mosque.
• After finishing the first prayer, the rain was still heavy.
• Work in an orderly manner.
• Done in succession or successively. In this case, only Jama Taqdim is allowed.

   Conclusion :

The meaning of Jama is to collect 2 prayers at one time, for example, Maghrib prayer and Isha prayer. While the meaning of Qashar is that after collecting between two prayers and condensing the rak'ah into 2 rak'ahs, there are 3 prayers that can be qashar, namely the noon prayer, the Asr prayer and the Isha prayer. And jama qashar with the intention before traveling.

And Jama Taqdim is to combine two prayers and perform them at the time of the first prayer. For example, the midday and asr prayers are performed at the time of the midday prayer.

Jama Ta'khir is to combine 2 prayers and their implementation at the time of the second prayer. For example, Maghrib and Isha prayers are performed at the time of Isha.